This PR moves the `schema_migration` to `migration_context` so that we
can access the `schema_migration` per connection.

This does not change behavior of the SchemaMigration if you are using
one database. This also does not change behavior of any public APIs.
`Migrator` is private as is `MigrationContext` so we can change these as
needed.

We now need to pass a `schema_migration` to `Migrator` so that we can
run migrations on the right connection outside the context of a rake
task.

The bugs this fixes were discovered while debugging the issues around
the SchemaCache on initialization with multiple database. It was clear
that `get_all_versions` wouldn't work without these changes outside the
context of a rake task (because in the rake task we establish a
connection and change AR::Base.connection to the db we're running on).

Because the `SchemaCache` relies on the `SchemaMigration` information we
need to make sure we store it per-connection rather than on
ActiveRecord::Base.

[Eileen M. Uchitelle & Aaron Patterson]